Activity 3.01    Earth’s Interior Lithosphere

1. Draw Earth and label: atmosphere, crust, mantle, outer core, inner core, continental crust, oceanic crust, upper mantle.

Just copy the picture.  Make sure you know these parts:    crust, upper mantle,
lower mantle,  core, continental crust, oceanic crust, atmosphere

2. Describe crust.

______The crust is the top layer, the hard outter shell of the Earth.  It is the thinnest layer.  It's made of rock, minerals and soil._

______The crust floats on the softer, denser mantle layer_______________________


3. What elements are in the crust layer?

1.    ___oxygen________
2.    ___silicon_______
3.    ___aluminum_______
4.    ___iron___________
5.    ___calcium___________
6.    ___sodium_______
7.    ___potassium_______
8.    ___magnesium_______



4. What is the mantle?

____The mantle is below the crust.  It is about 1,800 miles(2,900 km) thick and makes up nearly 80 percent of the Earth's total volume. _____

____Two ways the mantle can be studied;   1.  what it's made of (it's composition) and 2.  how the material move in the mantle. ________

________________________________________________________________________

5. What is the Lithosphere?

____The lithosphere is the stiff layer made of 2 parts - the outer mantle and the crust together. The lithosphere 'floats' on the thick denser mantle below it, like ice on water.__

6. What is the difference between upper and lower mantle?

__The upper mantle (also called outer mantle) is thinner than the lower mantle, but it's stiffer (harder) because it has a slightly cooler temperature.   ____

___The lower mantle (also called inner mantle) is very deep (1,800 miles or  2,890 km).  It is made of tough liquid rock and probably consists of silicates of iron and magnesium. The temperature in this part is between 2520 ºF (1400ºC) and 5400 º F (3000ºC)___



7. What are inner core and outer core? Describe.

____The middle of the Earth is a ball called the CORE. The core is made of 2 layers.____

__outter core:   is very dense and it's so hot the rock is liquid.  It's made mostly of metal (iron and nickle)_

__the inner core: has the highest pressures, and is incredibly hot.   It is also made of metal, mostly iron and

 nickle.__________________________________________



8. How is the Earth’s magnetism developed?

____The outer core and inner core together cause the earth's magnetism.________

____When the Earth turns, the outer core spins too, but the inner core is so  dense and solid it does not spin the same way.  The difference spins are like an engine and cause the Earth's magnetism.  _______

________________________________________________________________________